All the glitters is not gold : critical questions and challenges of deep sea mining for the Kingdom of Tonga /
All that glitters is not gold
Lori Osmundsen.
- 36 pages : illustrations, charts ; 30 cm
"A white paper commissioned by the Civil Society Forum Tonga"--Title page. "June 2024."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 34-36).
1. Introduction -- 2. Survey of Tongan views of the ocean and DSM -- 3. Will Tonga's DSM aspirations be realized? -- 4. Other risks and consequences of DSM -- 5. How the TOML sponsorship agreement disadvantages Tonga -- 6. Options for Tonga to relinquish that TOML Contract -- 7. Conclusion.
"The inheritance of every Tongan includes the bounties that the ocean provides. These are both tangible, such as food and quarters of navigation, and intentional, such as cultural origin Legends passed down orally. Since the beginning of human habitation on the islands of Tonga, the sea has been a main source of sustenance and identity. In modern times it has also been a staple of the Tongan economy, with significant revenues generated both locally and in export markets. Tonga's rich, ancestral ocean heritage should be an important factor in decisions about Deep Sea Mining. This White Paper presents research commissioned by the Civil Society Forum of Tonga on the challenges and risks of deep sea mining (DSM) for Tonga, with specific regard to Tonga's sponsorship of DSM activities in the international waters"--Executive Summary.
Ocean mining--Decision making--Tonga. Ocean mining--Environmental aspects--Tonga. Mineral industries--Social aspects--Tonga. Mineral resources in submerged lands--Tonga.